the month of January 2011
From the beginning of the year and month of January:
Among peoples making use of a solar calendar, the beginning of the year has always been fixed by mere convention. The Roman year began with the month of March. Julius Caesar, on the advice of Sosigenes of Alexandria, was three months ahead of that date: the year 709 of Rome (- 45 chronologies, - 44 astronomers in algebraic notation) began on 1 January. This is the initial date of the Julian reform, as Rome - and with it the nations under his rule - applied for 345 years ... From this period date the months of January and February, because the calculations of astronomers, scientists demonstrated was missing at least these days to match the length of time with the conventional cycle of the sun. At least it was not even compensate for errors by calculating a leap day.
The first month was spent added to Janus, the god of doors. It is always represented by a man with two faces, looking behind and ahead. Nice symbol for the first month of the year.
But over the centuries, the year did not begin anywhere from 1 January, and early varied at the discretion of Churches, eras and countries. To mention first that France, the year began March 1 in many provinces in the sixth to seventh centuries, at Christmas time of Charlemagne (and in some places, such Soissons, until the twelfth century); Easter Sunday under the Capetian, giving years of highly variable length (almost universal use in the twelfth thirteenth century until the sixteenth century in some jurisdictions), although in some regions, the year began Fixed date, March 25, the day of the Annunciation, when close to the vernal equinox. It was not until 1564 that, by decree of Charles IX, the beginning of the year was necessarily set in France on 1 January.
Of Gift Giving:
is early this year and not for Christmas that were made and gifts were offered of presents until the recent invention of Father Christmas comes to give a resolutely commercial this very old custom, which has nothing to do with Christmas, much less with Saint Nicolas already existed.
The gifts, Stren or strenua with the ancients, were intended to show respect for people of value and merit. The drifts reached soon. The use of presents gradually became so frequent under the emperors, all the people would wish a happy new year to the emperor, and each bore him a present of money, according to his power. Augustus received in such quantities that his successor Tiberius, humor absent express the darkest days of the year to avoid them. These ceremonies held so loudly people six or seven days of the year he was forced to make an edict in which he defended the étrennes spent the first day of the year. Caligula, who succeeded him, informed him that he was quite friendly and he fixed the period of the Kalends of January to receive what his predecessor had refused. Claude, abolished the custom, and defended, for stop, we would not have him come to present gifts. .
A link still exists between the months of January and the Christmas bonus of the day of the year: New Year's gifts given to janitors! Janus is the boss! False presents and "April Fools" are a distant memory of those bygone days. Only in Spain, where the gifts come with los Reyes, Kings. But the ritual of these ceremonies is still well rooted in our habits, to a point that presents and cake of kings, it is often very difficult to reach certain services and not those of the administration during the first fortnight of January . Besides the expenses that entails. Like many I think it would be useful to another destination to the money spent on these buffets. But there will be elections in 2011. ! Finally! It could be even more modest when especially during a crisis that never ceases to end.
Timetable:
The word calendar comes from the Latin calendarium the "register of debts , whose interests were in the Roman custom, to pay the first day of the month (calendae ) that day, a pontiff met the people to announce dates for public holidays. In general, it is a system developed by men to identify days, and so large measure time intervals. The first measure of intervals is large due to the need predict the return of the seasons where they are marked, especially that of the cold season, to ensure sufficient food supply: the hunter and the pastor - and the farmer more - need a calendar seasons and pace of the Sun needed to man. The ancients measured and defined a model of the solar year, which will compete with another natural unit, the lunation. The desire to match the race of the earth and the sun was right in the Republican calendar.
The Republic was proclaimed September 22, 1792, a date which happened to be the day the autumnal equinox, the Republican calendar fixed the start of the year "to calendar day falls on the autumnal equinox to the meridian of Paris."
Time and influences of the moon and the eclipse of January 4 :
As we invite the god to whom he is devoted, January, early this year, we invite look at what happened this year and turn our eyes toward the future.
From the past will be remembered this December, unusually cold, with amounts of interference, I you had already announced in February 2010 and in my previous column. I note once again that no columnist, no journalists, no meteorologist has spoken for the bad weather, full moon of Dec. 21, the solstice that day, the lunar eclipse and the node that crowned everything. And yet! If today you will visit the sites of the most reliable weather and not that of our national weather that is still a very careful, you read that everywhere we have announced a winter colder than average but may be shorter with an atmospheric phenomenon not easy to explain. (Sic!)
At the time of writing, the short warm spell is followed by a new offensive from the cold this January and will be scored on 4 of the new moon with a partial eclipse of sun visible France. This phenomenon will take place from 7:50 am until about 10:30. The percentage of the surface of the solar disk obscured by the moon is important because it reaches 65 to 9%.
Rather than spread the warning by official health services, here is a great quote that we called "the boss" the Secours Catholique. He knew how to take responsibility and did not the recommendations expected from the government to warn staff and ask the managers to take responsibility. Here's his note: " A solar eclipse, total in the South of France and partial in the other regions will be visible on the morning of February 15, 1961. Because of the rarity of the phenomenon, it could not fail to be the object of great curiosity. It is the duty of managers to become aware of the dangers of such an observation. It is known that the crystal, acting as magnifying glass focuses the sun's rays onto the retina which is burned without pain in 2 or 3 minutes. He should know also that the invisible infra-red through tinted glasses that are a real danger in reducing glare and c onsequences by allowing observations that lead to longer more intense irradiation of the retina. Young patients with good vision and dark eyes are more sensitive than the elderly, myopic, or with clear eyes. It is therefore very important that the staff of Catholic Relief knows the precautions to be taken: first: not only watch the eclipse through very dark glasses. On the other hand: not only do so in a manner very brief. 1) Regarding the glasses: Use only glass coated with plenty of black smoke, placing it above a simple candle. We must place the blackened side towards the sun, the side being naked in front of the eye. The sunglasses do not protect. 2) With regard to duration, not to make only brief comments, 5 to 10 seconds or less: they can however be repeated after a period of about three minutes. Formally prohibit making representations to the naked eye. Note that even with these provisions, we must have time to observations, since the shadow of the moon reaches the sun 6h.10, will cover the maximum 8h.20 and leave at 10:30. "
You will notice the passage of humor" must place the blackened side towards the sole it: "one imagines what might give the opposite! The ministerial circular contains point by point this note: the risk to the lens and retina, the greater risks for children, the duration of observation, etc. .... In terms of today's all there. Of course there is the reference to the standard European Directive 89/686, since now Common sense is codified by our international staff.
The lunar orbital plane makes an angle of 5.8 ° with the ecliptic plane that is to say the plane on which the sun apparently moves around the earth. The lunar orbit is elliptical when the distance of the earth is the shortest is the perigee, and when she is away it's peak. The moon cut plan each month in two points called the Lunar nodes, ascending or descending. When the full moon or new moon occurs at a node, there is an eclipse of the sun or moon. That is what will happen on January 4. This time the moon that passes between us and the sun. The days of eclipse are always moments of atmospheric disturbances, and these are times when more plants that we are very sensitive. Do not make sowing, do not touch the plants and trees. Let the plants rest. That is the conclusion of these disturbances which explains that in ancient times it was feared eclipses. In addition we saw the sun darkened and there was concern it disappeared. .
The revolutions of the moon, or moons, causing reactions and profound changes on our planet. To those who still doubt the influence of the moon, including those who say that these comments have no scientific basis, then I ask to explain what is observed for millennia by all peoples of the earth, the tides of the seas, the flow of the water table groundwater, with all their consequences, or the birth of the full moon, or insomnia, or the growth of plants and many other findings yet!
In rising moon, all that is life on earth is refreshed. Lu Pu-hui, Chinese scholar living in the third century BC, advised to eat shellfish during this period. " When the moon is full, the shells are filled ... But the days of the Moon, all animals are empty shell ... "is also the time to slaughter animals for food because their flesh is firm and juicy, the rice planting or sowing wheat, because they will rise above, or even to pick up Healing Plants because they are filled to the maximum of active ingredients.
life is slowed down by Moon. Thus, the Chinese proceeded to the castration of eunuchs and future of the animals during this period in order to spare them from suffering excessive and avoid complications. Plant salads waning moon, it will not come up. Do with your hairdresser that these days, because your hair will grow slower and you'll save.
2 011 years of thirteen moons?? :
To say that the influence of the moon is such that this year being a year of thirteen moons is why he will make a nasty time this year, there are some nuances to make . Each year there is someone to write it! Although I personally ready to moon the strong influence that I have often explained, I am more cautious about this assertion. Simply saying that there is often thirteen moons in a year since the year is determined on a cycle of 365 days and the lunar month is 29 days. There will be thirteen new moons in 2011, and each time I have often written, there are disturbances at the time of the lunation or within three or four days. So if there are thirteen new moons, the year will be worse since the new moon almost always causes disruption and bad weather. But there will be only twelve full moon in 2011 with twelve lunar months and a few more days in early January and 7 more days in late December if we take the reference of the lunar month to get to 365 days. In 1999, the which has seen falling in a violent storm was a year to 13 moons. As the year 1976, which was an extreme heat wave. (Worse than the heat wave of 2003). In 2009 there were 13 full moons and new moons only twelve and twelve full moons in 2010!
scientists and other meteorologists even astronomers argue that this global warming CO2 greenhouse gas emissions, the hole in the ozone layer and all the rest and do not want to pay attention to old observations our ancestors who are the source of sayings and proverbs about the weather.
must keep right and do not lend an ear too sensitive to fortune-tellers who make a fortune every year in this period. We can not pay that much for very little justification to the old belief that according to popular wisdom says that years of Thirteen Moons are years of bad weather and it's nice that A month or April August. It does not appear that it is systematic!
The only evidence we have are words of elders, including farmers, transmitting more or less myth than a year with 13 moons instead of 12 is to be feared. But is it verifiable and demonstrable? Is it is the "legend Village"?
This month, I ignored the sayings always very numerous. I note only that this time those giving you the choice to count provisional " the twelve days of Christmas which will give time to the Kings of twelve months" or " first twelve days of the year show the weather twelve months of the year . Since the Kings are no longer celebrated on January 6th but the first Sunday in January we will pay less attention to this saying: " the coldest winters are those who take to the Kings . Yet that day will be cold that's almost guaranteed! And the various weather sites reliable, not too-that of France Weather! we have all announced for the month of January 2011 the persistence of a dry cold, with a negative anomaly of about - 1 in France and a deficit of rainfall. The major concern especially cold in Central Europe.
cold until about 8. Sweetest of 9 to 19 that is to say until the full moon, and again the morning temperatures below zero in late the second half, with strong dominance of a stream west of 27 to 31 month .. We've been warned! be cautious and let us warm.
Bon month of January 2011 Happy New Year and let us warm! Adissias!
Jean Mignot December 31, 2010
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